In three recent cases in front of the same judge, consumers asserting privacy concerns have taken different approaches to challenging how internet giants Google and Yahoo review emails. After class certification was denied in a case against Google, another group of plaintiffs brought a case seeking injunctive relief against Yahoo and a separate group sought permissive joinder on a large scale in a new action against Google. Most recently, in the third case, the same judge granted Google’s motion to sever an attempt to join more than 800 individual plaintiffs. Collectively, the results of these actions emphasize the importance of proper disclosures and illustrate the efficacy of the defense strategy of emphasizing individualized questions of consent. See “Federal Judge Offers Advice on Litigating Data Privacy, Security Breach and TCPA Class Action Suits” (Apr. 27, 2016).